Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA. Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Early Biometrics and Statistical Innovation, Data Science and AI, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden. BioPharmaceutical Medical, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden. Early Respiratory & Immunology Projects Department, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden. Early Respiratory & Immunology Clinical Development, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden. Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden. Point of Care Diagnostics, Precision Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK. Synairgen Research Ltd, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, UK. Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK.